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- September 1995 FAQ
-
-
-
- When things don't seem to be going right with your Amiga,
- let CU Amiga show you what to do..
-
-
- Q. When I switch my Amiga on the screen goes a funny colour.
- What's wrong?
-
- A. During the startup process (called "Booting") the Amiga
- performs a set of self-diagnostic checks. During these tests
- the screen changes colour and if anything serious goes
- wrong, the display may freeze. If all is well, the normal
- boot process continues and either the Kickstart display
- appears (the insert disk display) or the Amiga boots from
- harddisk or floppy.
-
- Here is a list of the screen colours which you may see
- during booting, including those which may appear if all is
- not well.
-
-
- Dark Grey Initial hardware and CPU test passed OK
- Light Gray Initial software test passed OK
- Red There is an error with the Kickstart ROM
- Green There is an error with the Chip RAM
- Blue There is an error in one the custom chips
- Yellow Trap error: something crashed before the Guru
- trapping code was in place.
-
- Sometimes the problems are due to loose chips or boards. For
- example, a Red screen may sometimes be fixed by pressing
- down on the Kickstart ROM to make sure it is seated
- correctly. Ocassionally "ROM switching" kits put too much
- strain on the ROM socket, and cause bad connections.
- Sometimes you can carefully remove the chip and straighten
- any bent pins (remember to use anti-static precautions).
-
- A Green screen could be caused by a loose memory board in
- the trapdoor socket, or a loose or faultly RAM chip on the
- expansion board. If you get the same result testing the
- board on another Amiga chances are a RAM chip is damaged
- and needs replaced: if soldered directly to the board this
- is best left to a dealer.
-
-
-
-
- Q. My computer seems to crash (Guru) a lot. What's
- happening?
-
- A. Rather than being a hardware fault, it is more likely
- that Gurus are caused by a particular program which requires
- more memory or a Floating Point Unit or some other resource
- which isn't present on your system. For example, Virtual
- Memory programs need an MMU: a Memory Management Unit. Some
- 68030's (but not all) have an MMU as an integral part of the
- processot chip. Slightly cheaper EC versions don't. MMUs are
- also required by debugging programs such as Enforcer. If
- your Amiga crashes when playing games which don't require
- any special resouces, or continually resets or pops up the
- Software Failure banner when nothing is happening, it could
- be an intermittant fault due to hardware. There are
- difficult to pin down, but common causes are faulty or
- overloader power supplies.
-
-
- Q. My disk drive seems to be faulty. When I put a bootable
- disk in (such as a coverdisk or game), it makes a few
- clicking sounds but then nothing happens.
-
- A. It could be the disk drive itself is broken. If you have
- Workbench 2 or better, you can check by using an external
- disk drive. Pop a disk in the extermal drive, and if the
- same thing happens then it is probably not the internal
- drive: it's more likely to be a problem with the CIA chip.
-
- If the external drive works, then there is a good chance the
- internal drive is broken. Symptons of a dodgey drive
- include: sometimes the disk will be recognised, sometimes it
- won't. Some disks will work, some won't. Depending on the
- severity of the problem it may be possible to ask a repair
- shop to recalibrate the drive. In the worst case the drive
- will need to be replaced, which will cost about £30 to £50.
- It isn't hard to fit a new floppy drive as long as you get
- the right model for your Amiga.
-
-
- Q. My A500 power supply is broken. Can I use the power
- supply which came with an A1200 with an A500?
-
- A. Yes you can. The leads are identical, and even if the
- A1200 supply is rated higher it will work fine. The A500
- will only draw as much power as it needs.
-
-
-
- Q. When I switch on my Amiga, the caps-lock light flashes.
- What's up?
-
- A. The Amiga keyboard also has a self-diagnostic rountine,
- and it communicates by flashing the caps lock key. The
- warnings are as follows:
-
- One Blink Keyboard ROM error
- Two Blink Keyboard RAM error
- Three Blinks Timer failure
-
- If your keyboard starts to misbehave like this, there is very
- little you can do. You should check to see that all cabling
- is fitting tightly, but if the problems persist you will
- need a replacement keyboard.
-
-
- BOX OUT: CIA Chips
-
- The Amiga relies heavily on a chip called the CIA 8520 or
- Complex Interface Adapter. The chip is so useful there are
- actually two of them in every Amiga, and they handle the
- serial port, the joystick port, the mouse port, the disk
- drive, the printer port, the keyboard and various other
- timing duties.
-
- Unfortunately, it is also quite easy to break one or other
- of the chips. If you connect a printer cable, modem cable,
- external floppy drive or mouse to the Amiga without first
- switching off, you run the risk of damage.
-
- If your joystick fire button is broken, or your printer port
- doesn't work the CIA could be to fault. Similarly if your
- disk drive is refusing to work and the keyboard is playing
- up.
-
- On an A500 or A2000 replacing the chips is quite
- straightforward, but one of the first things you should try
- is swapping the chips over. To get at them you'll need to
- open up the case and remove the metal shielding. The CIA
- chips are both 40 pin chips and clearly labeled as CIA ODD
- and CIA EVEN. Swap the chips over (making sure you put them
- in the sockets the right way round) and see if the problem
- changes. If you are lucky, this might temporarily solve the
- problem: for example, if the CIA which looks after the disk
- drive is broken and you swap them around, the broken CIA is
- put in charge of the serial port -- and perhaps you don't
- need to use the serial port. The best solution of course is
- to buy a replacement chip. These cost about £15.
-
- If you have an A1200, then unfortunately replacing the CIA
- is beyond most home users as the chips are soldered directly
- to the motherboard. Unless skilled at such repairs, you will
- need to call in the repair person. They will either replace
- the chips or the motherboard and charge you about £40.
-
-
-
- Box out: Contacts
-
- Amiga repairs and spares are available from:
- Fast, Tel: 0171 252 3553
- DART Computer Services, Tel: 0116 2470059.
- OmniDale Supplies, Tel: 01332 291219
-